Tax benefits, hassle-free saving and a possible 100% match on money invested: Workers are saying no, no and no to these things when they ignore their company’s 401(k) retirement plan.
These days it takes a pretty strong will — or a really good excuse — not to fall for the 401(k) pitch. And as employer-sponsored retirement plans have improved, these common reasons for skipping the workplace savings plans have gotten weaker.
‘I’ll do it later.’
“Later” tends never to make it onto the calendar. Auto-enrollment is designed to get around employees’ noncommittal ways.
This 401(k) plan feature automatically enrolls new hires at a set salary deferral rate, typically around 3%. According to a T. Rowe Price Retirement Plan Services survey, the percentage of the companies with an auto-enrollment feature has increased from 40% to 55% in the past five years.
Many plans that automatically enroll employees also have an auto-increase feature, making it easy to follow the sage advice of increasing your savings with every raise. The increase is typically 1% annually and capped at a certain point.
It might seem presumptuous for an employer to dictate an employee’s contributions without asking first, but workers are free to adjust amounts — or opt out entirely — at any time. Participation in plans with auto-enrollment is 42% higher than in plans without it.
‘I don’t know which investments to pick.’
If choosing among dozens of mutual funds is standing between you and saving for retirement, you’re not alone. About half (51%) of employees say they’re not confident in their ability to pick investments within the plan, according to the 2017 Retirement Confidence Survey from the Employee Benefit Research Institute.
But there might be a convenient workaround to crafting your own properly balanced portfolio of individual investments: a target-date mutual fund. These funds select and automatically adjust the mix of investments they hold over time to lower risk as an investor’s retirement year draws near. Another benefit: lower management fees than a conventional, actively managed mutual fund.
‘How’s it any better than an IRA?’
True, the tax benefits of a traditional 401(k) are similar to those of a traditional IRA. Both feature an upfront tax break on contributions, and taxes aren’t due until you start taking withdrawals in retirement. But 401(k)s have higher annual contribution limits than IRAs: $18,000 (or $24,000 if you’re 50 and older) versus $5,500 ($6,500 for the 50-plus crowd).
The Roth IRA, which lets savers avoid paying taxes on retirement withdrawals, among other benefits, has been around since the late 1990s, but it wasn’t until 2006 that employers could add a Roth version of the 401(k) to their retirement plan offerings. Just a few years ago, less than 50% of companies offered this alternative, according to research from Alight Solutions. Today roughly three out of four large employers do.
This is huge, particularly for savers whose high income disqualifies them from contributing to a Roth IRA. There are no such restrictions with the Roth 401(k).
Can’t decide between a Roth 401(k) and a traditional 401(k)? You might not have to pick. Employees can split their contributions into both accounts any way they please. This has the added benefit of giving account holders more choices in how and when they pay taxes on withdrawals in retirement.
‘I’ve got other financial priorities.’
The temptation is strong to de-emphasize 401(k) investing when you’re weighed down by near-term money issues. Your employer recognizes that personal money stress doesn’t simply drive down 401(k) participation: It also affects your work.
Seventy percent of HR professionals surveyed by Society for Human Resource Management say that stress caused by financial issues impacts employee job performance.
Plan providers and human resource professionals say programs that help employees budget, reduce debt and deal with health care expenses, home financing and more are a key workplace trend in 2017. Major 401(k) plan administrators — Prudential, Fidelity and T. Rowe Price, to name a few — have expanded their help menu well beyond retirement planning education to provide tools, live seminars and even one-on-one counseling.
Bottom line: Company pensions might be close to extinction, but that doesn’t mean employers are leaving workers completely in the lurch. When workplaces expand beyond retirement savings-only support, they can help employees address the root causes of retirement savings shortfalls.
More on retirement saving
- How to set up your 401(k)
- How much should you save for retirement?
- Roth IRA contribution limits for 2017
Dayana Yochim is a writer at NerdWallet. Email: dyochim@nerdwallet.com. Twitter: @DayanaYochim.
